Ventilating device



March 11, 1930. MACLEQD 1,750,178

VENTILATING DEVICE Filed March 18, 1929 -2.- Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR. M04 haw/(01 4 A TTORNEYS.

March 11, 1930. D. K. MACLEOD VENTILATING- DEVICE Filed llarch 18, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I INVENTOR. Whwftocb.

:gm r M f ATTORNEYS.

Patented Mar. 11, 1930 U NITED' STATES 7 1501mm) x. MACLE'OD, or SAN rimn'crsoo, camromrm VEIYTILATIN G DEVICE Application filed March 18, 1929. Serial No. 347,760.

This invention relates to ventilators, and especially to a ventilator which is adapted for installation in enclosed vehicles such as automobiles, aeroplane cabins etc.

Inthe usual present arrangement of closed air craft cabins, ventilation is obtained by opening a window, and due to the speed at which such craft travel, the rush of air on occupants produces objectionable drafts, particularly at high altitudes and in cold weather. As these drafts are objectionable it is desirable to have means whereby, in addition to normal ventilation a breeze can be'directed on any individual occupant who begins to feel faint or ill, as it has been found that such a breeze will often prevent faintness or air sickness.

An important factor in the propelling of aircraft is air resistance. To this end it is desirable to have the outside surface of a ventilating unit substantially flush with the body of the cabin when the ventilator is not in use, and when it is in use to present only a minimum air resistance consistent with adequate ventilation. I

The object of the resent invention is to generally improve and simplify the construction and operation of ventilators of the character described; to provide a ventilator which may be readily installed in the window or side wall of a closedvehicle or cabin; to provide a ventilator which may be completely closed when not required; to provide a ventilator which will present a surface flush with the exterior surface of the vehicle when closed and conversely produce a minimum of resistance when open for ventilation; to provide a scoop-like plate which is adapted to be projected to deflect and direct the air into the ventilator; to provide a shutter which 00- operates with the deflecting plate in such a manner that as the shutter opens the deflector plate is projected, and as the shutter closes the ,deflector plate is retracted; to provide means for draining oif any condensate or rain which may enter with the incoming air; and

further to provide means wherein the ventilator directs the incoming air in different directions through ventilating openings formed in the housing.

The ventilator is shown by way of illustration in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the ventilator showing it positioned in the side wall of an aeroplane cabin,

Fig. 2 is a section on line II-II Fig. 1, showing the ventilator in end view,

Fig. 3 is a front view of the ventilator looking from the inside of the aeroplane cabin,

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of an aeroplane cabin partially broken away, said view showing the positions of the several ventilators,

Fig. 5 is a cross section taken on line VV of Fig. 10,

- Fig. 6 is a cross VI-VI Fig. 10,

Figs. 7 and 8 are cross sections taken on line VI-VI, but showing the deflector plate and the air directing vane in different positions,

Fig. 9 is a cross section taken on line IX-IX Fig. 10,

Fig. 10 is a vertical section of the ventilator taken on line X-X Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawings in detail, and particularly Figs. 2, 3, and 5 to 10 inclusive, A indicates in general a housing consistin of an exterior side plate 2, an interior side p ate 3, end plates 4 and 5, and top and bottom plates 6 and 7. Formed in the exterior side plate 2 of the housing is an opening generally indicated at 8 which functions as an air inlet opening. Formed in the end plate 4 is an opening 9. Formed in the inner side plate 3 is an opening 10, and formed in the upper plate 6 is an opening 11. The openings 9, 10 and 11 function as air discharge openings, as will hereinafter be described.

Mounted within the housing, are intermediate top and bottom plates such as shown at 12 and 13. Extending through said plates and journalled-therein is a shaft 14, and secured to the shaft b means of upper and lower arms, such as s own at 15 and 15 is a deflector plate 16 which is adapted to be extended with relation to the housing, as shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8, or retracted to assume a position within the housing. Slidably' mounted on the inner surface of the exterior side plate 2 is a shutter plate 17 This plate section taken on line is ided at its u per and lower ends by flan g es 18. Secures on the inner surface of the shutter plate 17 are up r and lower rack bars 19 and 20. Journal on a shaft 21 supported by the bottom plate 7 is a gear 22 which intermeshes with the rack bar 20, and similarly supported on a shaft 23 which is secured to the top plate 6 is a gear 24 which intermeshes with the rack bar 19.

Extending through the end plates 4 and 5 of the housing between the intermediate plate 13 and the bottom plate 7 is a shaft 25. The shaft is journalled in the end plates 4 and 5 and one end of the shaft projects throu the end plate 4 so that it may be provid with a turning knob, such as shown at 26. Secured on the shaft 25 within the housin is a worm pinion 27 which is rotated wit the shaft 25 when this is rotated, by means of the no turning knob 26. Secured on the shaft 14 which supports the deflector plate 16 are upper and lower se ental gears, such as shown at 28 and 29. Th? segment 29, together with gear 22 intermeshes with the worm 27. Sega mental gear 28, together with the gear 24 intermeshes with a sliding rack bar 30 which is mounted in a guide member 31 secured between the plates 6 and 12, see Fi 10. The

rack bars 19 and 20, together wit the gears so 22 and 24, rack bar 30, the se ental gears 28 and 29, and the worm pinion 27 are all actuated in unison whenever shaft 25 is rotated. Rotation of shaft 25 for instance in the direction of arrow 0, see Fig. 9 will cause a gear 22 and the segmental gear 29 to rotate in the direction of arrow b. The rotation of the gear 22 as it meshes with the rack bar 20 will cause said rack bar to move in the direction of arrow 0 and as the rack bar is secured to the shutter plate 17 this will move in the same direction, or in other words, in a direction to close the air inlet openin 8.

If movement were transmitte to the lower end of the shutter plate onl it might have a tendency to tilt and bin It is for this reason that the rack bars 19 and 30, and the gear 24 are employed. As gears 22 and 29 rotate in the direction of arrow b shaft 14 will also rotate. This motion is transmitted throu h the segmental gear 28 to the rack bar 30. his in turn transmits rotational movement to the gear 24 and this in turn transmits endwise movement to the rack bar 19. Hence the shutter is engaged and positively moved from both its upper and lower ends, and bindin or tilting of the shutter plate is preven Rotation of shaft 14 as the de flector plate 16 is secured thereto by means of arms 15 and 15' will cause movement of the deflector plate, in this instance in an inward direction. Reverse movement of shaft 25 to that indicated by the arrow a will cause the shutterxplate to open and the deflector to be extend In view of the foregoing it will be noted means that a common manually operated member,

to wit, the turning knob 26 and shaft 25 actushutter plate and the deflector plate in Figs.

6 to 8 inclusive.

-When the deflector late is extended or partially extended, as s own in Figs. 6 to 8 inclusive, air is directed inwardly through the opening 8 into the housing A, and as three distinct discharge openings are rovided it is possible to discharge the air t roughall of t m simultaneously, or to discharge the major portion of the air through any one as conditions. may demand. If the deflector plate assumes the position shown in Fig. 8, al the air admitted will be discharged through the o ning 11 in the top plate 6. This 18 due to t e fact that the deflector plate registers with a curved partition plate 16 extending between the intermediate plates 12' and 13. The air enters in the direction of the arrow, see Fig. 8. It then rushes u wardly through an openi 16 formed in t e intermediate plate 12, an as such enters the space or chamber 17" formed between the top plate 6 and the intermediate plate 12 and as the top plate 6 is provided with a discharge 0' ning 11, all the air that'r enters will (118-.

c ar upwardly therethrough and no air will ischarge through the openings 9 and 10.

For the purpose of directing the major portion of t e at either through the o ning 9 or 10 or through both in unison, a de ecting vane 35 is employed. This vane is secured to averticall dis shaft 36. The lower end of the sha extends through the bottom plate 7 and it is provided with a turning knob 37 and a jam nut 38. By loosening the jam nut 38 knob 37 mag be grasped so as to rotate shaft 36 and t e vane may thus be swung to assume the position shown in Fig. 6, the position shown in Fig. 7, or the half-way position shown in Fig. 8.

When the vane assumes the position shown in Fig. 6 most of the incoming air will discharge through opening 9. 1; When the vane assumes the position shown in Fig. 7 most of the air will discharge through opening 10, and when the vane assumes the osition shown in Fig. 8 the air stream wil be divided and discharge throu h the openings 9 and 10 simultaneously. 4 'F that the deflector plate 16 is full extende or substantially so, as shown in igs. 6 and 7. The vane 35 will, of course, be secured hat is, assumin whenever adjusted, by merely tightening up the am nut 38. It should also be understood that the deflector plate 16 and the shutter 17 will be locked 1n any position to which they may be adjusted, as they are operated through a worm pinion 27. This when ro-' tated will in turn rotate the intermeshing gears, but the intermeshing gears cannot be rotated to rotate the worm pinion 27, hence this functions as a lock to secure the deflector and shutter plate in whatever position they may assume.

By referring to Figs. 5 and 10 it will be noted that the intermediate lower plate 13 is provided with an opening 13 and it will also be noted that the exterior side plate 2 is provided with a drain opening 13' which points in a rearward direction. These openings are important as it often happens that the air is so moist that a considerable amount of condensate forms Within the housing. Again it happens that a driving rain is encountered and a considerable amount of water will enter with the incoming air. Such water collects on the intermediate plate 13 and drains downwardly through the opening 13 to collect on the bottom plate 7 from where it discharges through the drain opening 13, hence eliminating any accumulation of rain or moisture.

The ventilator is particularly designed for aeroplane cabins of the inclosed type, such as shown in Fig. 4. It is in actual use and operation for such purposes at the present time and has proven satisfactory indeed. If a person riding in a plane feels faint or ill, it has been found that such a person can often be revived by exposing him or her to a cold breeze. This ma be accomplished by fully extending the de ector plate as shown in Fig.

-6 and adplsting the vane to assume the position therein shown. All the air entering in that instance is directed through the opening 9 and if the person is sitting in the seat shown at 40 he or she will get the benefit of a full blast of cold air and will, under most con ditions, recover rapidly. The velocity or amount of air thus admitted can be regulated by partially retracting the deflector plate. If a direct blast is not desired the vane may be adjusted to assume the position shown in Fig. 7. In that instance the air will be directed more or less crosswise of the cabin.

If only a comparatively small amount of air is desired, for instance in cold weather and the like, the deflector plate is adjusted to assume the position shown in Fig. 8, when a small amount of incoming air will be directed upwardly and will discharge towards the ct ling of the cabin through the opening 11. In that instance, ample ventilation is obtained without the sensation of cold or annoying drafts.

Again, if no air is desired, it is possible to completely retract the deflector plate and simultaneously close the shutter '17. In this resistance when extended. Such a small dey flector plate when high air velocity is considered provides ample ventilation under all conditions.

While certain features of the present invention are more or less specifically described, I wish it understood that various changes may be resorted to within the scope of the appended claims, similarly, that the materials and finishes of the several parts employed may be such as the manufacturer may decide or varying conditions or uses may demand.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A ventilator comprising a housing having an opening formed in one side thereof, a shutter flush with the surface of the housing and adapted to open and close the opening, an air deflector plate adapted to be extended through the opening or retracted to a position within the housing, and manually operated means for adjusting the position of the shutter and the deflector.

2. A ventilator comprising a housing having an opening formed in one side thereof, a shutter flush with the surface of the housing and adapted to open and close the opening, an air deflector plate adapted to be extended through the opening or retracted to a position within the housing, and manually operated means for simultaneously opening the shutter and extending the deflector, said means simultaneously closing the shutter and retracting the deflector.

3. A ventilator comprising a housing having an opening formed in one side thereof, a shutter flush with the surface of the housing and adapted to open and close the opening, an air deflector plate adapted to be extended through the opening or retracted to a position within the housing, and manually operated means for adjusting the position of the shutter and the deflector, said means securing the shutter and the deflector against movement in any position.

4. A ventilator comprising a housing hav ing an opening formed in one side thereof, a shutter flush with the surface of the housing and adapted to open and close the opening, an air deflector plate adapted to be extended through the opening or retracted to a posi tion within the housing, and manually operated means for simultaneousl opening the shutter and extendin the efleetor, said means simultaneously 0 osin the shutter and retracting the deflector, an said means securing the shutter and deflector against movement in any position.

5. A ventilator of'the character described comprising a housing having an air inlet opening formed in its exterior side, and a plurality of discharge openings on its interior side, a shutter adapted to open or close the inlet opening, a deflector plate extendible through the inlet opening to direct air into 1 the housing, and an adjustable vane within the housing for directing the air through one or another of the discharge openings on the inner side of the housing.

6. A ventilator of the character-described comprising a housing having an air inlet opening formed in its exterior side and a plurality of discharge openings on its interior side, a shutter ada ted to open or close the inlet opening, a eflector plate extendible through the inlet 0 ening to direct air into the housing, an ad ustable vane within the housing for directing the air through one or another of the discharge openings on the inner side of the housing, and means for collecting entering rain or moisture and for discharging it through the exterior side of the housing.

DONALD K. MACLEOD. 

